The size and rapid growth of China, together with its increasing assertiveness, represent a challenge to the established global order. The dynamics and the future impacts of these power shifts for the architecture of global governance and the developing world are far from clear and not at all determined. An analysis of China’s participation in the WTO and its stance on development policy indicates that the extent to which China’s rise will create tensions varies according to the ways in which the basic interests of China and Western countries clash.